To TT or not TT: Considerations for Children’s Cycling in Triathlon

Abstract

Triathlon and Time Trial (TT) bicycles are engineered for performance by optimizing aerodynamics for maximum speed and race efficiency. As going fast on a bicycle essentially involves the cyclist overcoming air resistance, the objective is to devise ways to lower the influence of drag. For adults participating in triathlon, cycling at high speed in what is known as an aerodynamic position can be physically demanding where every athlete is constantly looking for the smallest improvements to enhance their performance. In road cycling there has been recent conjecture that training on TT bicycles is dangerous, with some professional cyclists calling for the use of TT bicycles in training to be banned due to the safety considerations. Despite this, a recent trend in junior (children) triathlon events has seen the use of aerodynamic bars and TT bicycles appear in age groups starting from ages 12 and upwards for both sexes. The desire for children to win and compete with the latest bicycle that provides a mechanical advantage has created debate with some jurisdictions banning the use of TT bicycles in junior triathlon events. Scientists involved in long-term athletic development (LTAD), biomechanics and exercise physiology that concern children have discussed that a balanced and long-term approach is needed when introducing children to triathlon and the use of TT bicycles. The purpose of this communication is to enable coaches to recognise the risks and limitations involved when working with junior triathletes and the considerations of using TT bicycles.